Stretching 2,400 km across its entire northern boundary, from the Pamir not in the northwest to the Brahmaputra valley in the east, is the world's youngest (60 million years old) mountain range the Himalayas, which has the world's highest peak Mt Everest.
Far older is the stable mass of pre-Cambrian rock the Decant plateau, which occupies a southern position in the peninsula. The Arrival range, in its north, as also the Western and Eastern Ghats are remnants of this formation. The eastern edge drained by the Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri rivers, break the Eastern Ghats into low hills. The Western Ghats are steeeper and swift-flowing river form backwaters and lagoons along the Kerala coast. Kanyakumari is the southernmost tip of India.
Between the Himalayas and the Decant plateau is the fertile Indo-Gangetic plain. In the east, the Brahmaputra River joins the Ganga in a combined delta, the largest in the world and known for its rich, mangrove forests. Nestled in the Bay of Bengal in the east, are the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, while in the Arabian Sea in the west, coral atoll form the Lakshadweep islands.
Situated between 8 degree 4' and 37 degree 6 north latitude and 68 degee7' and 97 degree 25 east longitude, the country measures 3214 km from north to south and 2933 km from east to west.
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